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Home > FL Providers > Cardiac Surgeons

Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD

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Specializes in: Cardiac Surgery, Vascular Surgery and Thoracic Surgery

Professional interests include: thoracic aortic aneurysm, mitral valve replacement, mediastinoscopy, and more.

6440 West Newberry Road Suite 102
Gainesville, FL 32605

(352) 333-5610

Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD is a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL specializing in cardiac surgery, vascular surgery and thoracic surgery. Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD is affiliated with HCA Florida Healthcare and HCA Florida North Florida Hospital.

Office Locations

HCA Florida North Florida Hospital

6440 West Newberry Road Suite 102
Gainesville, FL 32605

(352) 333-5610

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Some issues Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD can help you with:

Bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy is a procedure in which a thin tube with a camera, called a bronchoscope, is inserted in the mouth or nose and slowly advanced to the lungs. This allows doctors to see the respiratory tract, which includes the throat, larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchi (airways), and lungs. Doctors may recommend those who have or show signs of lung problems - for example, lung cancer or difficulty breathing - to undergo a bronchoscopy.

In performing a diagnostic bronchoscopy, doctors may only wish to visualize the respiratory tract, or doctors may also collect samples of tissue or fluid. The samples can help diagnose patients' conditions or, if patients have cancer, they can be used for staging purposes. One method for sample collection is bronchoalveolar lavage. In a bronchoalveolar lavage, doctors inject saline (salt water) through the bronchoscope and then suction it out of the airways. The washout collected is tested for lung disorders. Doctors can also insert a biopsy tool to collect tissue or mucus samples. The following are biopsies that can be performed by bronchoscopy:

Brush biopsy, which uses a brush to collect samples.
Endobronchial biopsy, which uses the bronchoscope to guide forceps to sample lung tissue.
Transbronchial biopsy, which uses forceps and image guidance - such as X-rays, CT scans, or fluoroscopy - to sample lung tissue.
Transbronchial fine needle aspiration (TBNA), which uses a small needle to take samples of the lymph nodes or lungs.

For visualization, bronchoscopy can be done alone, or it can be combined with ultrasound. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) allows real-time imaging of the airway and is used for diagnosing and staging lung cancer, as well as for determining where the cancer has spread. EBUS can be performed with TBNA, a procedure known as endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).

Doctors can also use bronchoscopy as a treatment for lung problems. For example, if a foreign body is trapped in the airway, doctors can insert forceps through the bronchoscope to remove it. If the airway has become narrowed - which may occur if patients have an infection, cancer, or some other inflammatory issue - bronchoscopy can be used to place a device called a stent in the area of constriction. The stent will keep the airway open, allowing the patient to breathe properly.

During a bronchoscopy, patients will be given medication (sedative) to help them relax. If it is only a diagnostic bronchoscopy, patients will be kept awake, but if the bronchoscopy is for therapeutic purposes, patients will be put to sleep by general anesthesia. After the procedure, patients will need to stay in the hospital for a few hours. They will not be able to eat or drink for about 2 hours. Some patients may experience discomfort, such as a sore throat or pain while swallowing. Throat lozenges and gargling may help alleviate these symptoms, which should go away after a few days. Patients will need to have someone drive them home once their doctor determines that they are ready.

Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease. It happens when the blood vessels carrying blood to the heart, called coronary arteries, narrow and harden. This occurs when cholesterol, a type of fat found in the blood, builds up to form plaque, which sticks to the inner walls of the arteries. As plaque accumulates, less blood can flow through the arteries, which may lead to the following:

Angina, which is chest pain that occurs when the heart does not receive enough blood flow.
Heart attack, which happens if the arteries leading to the heart are completely blocked.
Arrhythmia, or irregular heartbeat, which can develop if the heart does not have enough blood supply.
Heart failure, which may occur if a heart attack damages the heart and it becomes too weak to pump enough blood to the rest of the body.

Certain factors may increase risk for the disease, like smoking, lack of exercise, being overweight, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes. CAD tends to develop over decades, so it can go undetected until it has become quite severe. A diagnosis may be established using such tests as:

Electrocardiogram (ECG), which records the heart's electrical activity over a period of time. ECGs can detect whether there is enough blood flow to the heart or if a heart attack has occurred.
Echocardiogram (echo), which creates images of the heart using sound waves. Echos can show whether the heart is able to pump blood normally.
Stress tests, where an ECG or echo is combined with exercise, like riding a stationary bike or walking on a treadmill. This test is done to find out if the heart can function properly while performing a strenuous activity.

Treatments for the disease include medications such as vasodilators, like nitroglycerin, which dilates (widens) the coronary arteries. CAD may also be treated by a procedure called angioplasty with stent placement, where a balloon is inflated inside a diseased artery to flatten the plaque deposits against the artery walls, creating more room for blood to flow.

In some severe cases of the disease, multiple arteries may be blocked, and an open heart surgery called coronary artery bypass surgery may be necessary. This operation transplants a vessel from another part of the body to form a graft that goes past the narrowed arteries, thus enabling blood to flow around those arteries.

In The News

“Eduardo Esper, cardiothoracic surgeon, Wheeling: ''We're not prepared, having spent all night with a patient, for that patient to come back and sue us.”—"THE WAY WE LIVE NOW: 2-2-03: TESTIMONY; Surgical Strike (Published 2003)", New York Times, February 2003

Noteworthy Medicare Patient Procedures Performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2023

Click on any procedure below to see further details on volume and pricing among Medicare patients.

Top 25%

By Volume:

heart bypass surgery

vascular procedures

By Affordability:

In 2012, among providers in related specialties within Florida, Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD performed more heart bypass surgery (CABG), and vascular procedures procedures for Medicare patients than 75% of them and he also had a list price for duplex ultrasound, vascular studies, vascular ultrasound, and venous ultrasound that was lower than the list prices billed to Medicare by 75% of them. Actual amounts paid by patients can vary widely depending on a number of factors, including insurance coverage. A lower list price, however, might mean lower fees when paying without insurance.

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2012 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2012 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), dialysis access procedures and open surgery.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

anastomosis	46
angioplasty	21
bronchoscopy	36
bypass surgery	27
cardiac procedures	54
catheterization	99
device removal	31
dialysis access procedures	127
doctor visit	285
hospital care	98
inpatient care	98
minimally invasive procedures	36
open surgery	104
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	65
thrombectomy (blood clot removal)	29
ultrasound (sonogram)	384
vascular procedures	544
X-rays	18

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2013 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2013 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), inpatient care and hospital care.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

bronchoscopy	18
bypass surgery	12
cardiac procedures	24
catheterization	67
device removal	26
dialysis access procedures	37
doctor visit	243
hospital care	90
implant surgery	18
inpatient care	90
minimally invasive procedures	18
open surgery	24
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	24
ultrasound (sonogram)	307
vascular procedures	344
X-rays	20

2013 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	302
Female	300

**Ethnicity**
Non-Hispanic White	573
Black	17
Hispanic	0
Asian	0
Other	0
Native American	0

**Age**
From 65 to 74	235
From 75 to 84	165
85 and over	82
Less than 65	120

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2013

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	64
Stroke	18
Ischemic Heart Disease	74
Depression	34
Chronic Kidney Disease	52
Asthma	10
Osteoperosis	11
Atrial Fibrilation	18
Heart Failure	51
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	51
Diabetes	52
Dementia	16
Cancer	16

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2014 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2014 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), inpatient care and hospital care.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

anastomosis	13
bypass surgery	12
cardiac procedures	24
catheterization	72
device removal	36
dialysis access procedures	30
dissection	18
doctor visit	260
endarterectomy	17
excision	18
hospital care	82
implant surgery	32
inpatient care	82
lymph node procedures	18
minimally invasive procedures	18
neck surgery	17
open surgery	24
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	42
ultrasound (sonogram)	196
vascular procedures	243
X-rays	17

2014 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	236
Female	247

**Ethnicity**
Non-Hispanic White	458
Black	0
Hispanic	0
Asian	0
Other	0
Native American	0

**Age**
From 65 to 74	193
From 75 to 84	135
85 and over	57
Less than 65	98

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2014

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	65
Stroke	18
Ischemic Heart Disease	73
Depression	32
Chronic Kidney Disease	52
Asthma	10
Osteoperosis	9
Atrial Fibrilation	20
Heart Failure	50
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	56
Diabetes	55
Dementia	14
Cancer	16

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2015 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2015 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), inpatient care and hospital care.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

catheterization	42
dialysis access procedures	35
dissection	20
doctor visit	267
endarterectomy	24
excision	20
hospital care	58
implant surgery	36
inpatient care	58
lymph node procedures	20
minimally invasive procedures	20
neck surgery	24
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	20
thrombectomy (blood clot removal)	23
ultrasound (sonogram)	374
vascular procedures	433
X-rays	12

2015 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	616
Female	618

**Ethnicity**
Non-Hispanic White	1174
Black	30
Hispanic	0
Asian	0
Other	0
Native American	0

**Age**
From 65 to 74	456
From 75 to 84	356
85 and over	182
Less than 65	240

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2015

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	67
Stroke	12
Ischemic Heart Disease	70
Depression	34
Chronic Kidney Disease	50
Asthma	27
Osteoperosis	10
Atrial Fibrilation	19
Heart Failure	47
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	51
Diabetes	51
Dementia	19
Cancer	16

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2016 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2016 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), thoracic (chest) surgery procedures and open surgery.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

bypass surgery	23
cardiac procedures	46
catheterization	27
device removal	12
dialysis access procedures	41
doctor visit	222
endarterectomy	13
hospital care	26
implant surgery	18
inpatient care	26
neck surgery	13
open surgery	46
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	46
thrombectomy (blood clot removal)	23
ultrasound (sonogram)	106
vascular procedures	160
X-rays	18

2016 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	200
Female	163

**Ethnicity**
Non-Hispanic White	343
Black	0
Hispanic	0
Asian	0
Other	0
Native American	0

**Age**
From 65 to 74	134
From 75 to 84	116
85 and over	35
Less than 65	78

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2016

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	71
Stroke	14
Ischemic Heart Disease	75
Depression	36
Chronic Kidney Disease	62
Asthma	60
Osteoperosis	9
Atrial Fibrilation	21
Heart Failure	53
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	58
Diabetes	54
Dementia	20
Cancer	16

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2017 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2017 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), inpatient care and hospital care.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

anastomosis	30
bronchoscopy	20
bypass surgery	23
cardiac procedures	46
catheterization	33
dialysis access procedures	55
dissection	16
doctor visit	267
endarterectomy	16
excision	27
hospital care	81
implant surgery	34
inpatient care	81
lymph node procedures	16
minimally invasive procedures	47
neck surgery	16
open surgery	46
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	73
thrombectomy (blood clot removal)	25
ultrasound (sonogram)	380
vascular procedures	451

2017 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	247
Female	294

**Ethnicity**
Non-Hispanic White	516
Black	0
Hispanic	0
Asian	0
Other	0
Native American	0

**Age**
From 65 to 74	207
From 75 to 84	158
85 and over	60
Less than 65	116

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2017

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	62
Stroke	11
Ischemic Heart Disease	70
Depression	35
Chronic Kidney Disease	56
Asthma	11
Osteoperosis	10
Atrial Fibrilation	17
Heart Failure	45
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	54
Diabetes	50
Dementia	23
Cancer	19

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2018 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2018 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), inpatient care and hospital care.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

bronchoscopy	12
bypass surgery	28
cardiac procedures	56
dialysis access procedures	19
dissection	13
doctor visit	243
endarterectomy	23
excision	13
hospital care	111
implant surgery	23
inpatient care	111
lymph node procedures	13
minimally invasive procedures	25
neck surgery	23
open surgery	56
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	69
thrombectomy (blood clot removal)	19
ultrasound (sonogram)	344
vascular procedures	386

2018 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	256
Female	237

**Ethnicity**
Non-Hispanic White	466
Black	15
Hispanic	0
Asian	0
Other	0
Native American	0

**Age**
From 65 to 74	191
From 75 to 84	145
85 and over	49
Less than 65	108

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2018

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	72
Stroke	14
Ischemic Heart Disease	73
Depression	38
Chronic Kidney Disease	61
Asthma	10
Osteoperosis	12
Atrial Fibrilation	18
Heart Failure	51
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	49
Diabetes	53
Dementia	20
Cancer	13

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2019 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2019 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), hospital care and inpatient care.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

anastomosis	23
bypass surgery	14
cardiac procedures	28
catheterization	16
dialysis access procedures	23
doctor visit	207
hospital care	80
implant surgery	18
inpatient care	80
open surgery	28
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	28
ultrasound (sonogram)	223
vascular procedures	246

2019 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	209
Female	208

**Ethnicity**
Non-Hispanic White	395
Black	0
Hispanic	0
Asian	0
Other	0
Native American	0

**Age**
From 65 to 74	164
From 75 to 84	134
85 and over	46
Less than 65	73

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2019

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	73
Stroke	15
Ischemic Heart Disease	75
Depression	34
Chronic Kidney Disease	60
Asthma	11
Osteoperosis	9
Atrial Fibrilation	24
Heart Failure	52
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	54
Diabetes	57
Dementia	23
Cancer	16

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2020 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2020 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), inpatient care and hospital care.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

anastomosis	12
bronchoscopy	16
bypass surgery	18
cardiac procedures	36
catheterization	23
dialysis access procedures	12
dissection	16
doctor visit	183
excision	16
hospital care	82
implant surgery	19
inpatient care	82
lymph node procedures	16
minimally invasive procedures	16
open surgery	36
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	52
ultrasound (sonogram)	205
vascular procedures	217

2020 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	198
Female	182

**Ethnicity**
Non-Hispanic White	369
Black	0
Hispanic	0
Asian	0
Other	0
Native American	0

**Age**
From 65 to 74	171
From 75 to 84	111
85 and over	35
Less than 65	63

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2020

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	74
Stroke	10
Ischemic Heart Disease	75
Depression	36
Chronic Kidney Disease	64
Asthma	8
Osteoperosis	12
Atrial Fibrilation	17
Heart Failure	51
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	49
Diabetes	55
Dementia	25
Cancer	18

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2021 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2021 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), hospital care and inpatient care.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

bypass surgery	18
cardiac procedures	36
catheterization	28
doctor visit	161
endarterectomy	18
hospital care	81
inpatient care	81
neck surgery	18
open surgery	36
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	36
ultrasound (sonogram)	173
vascular procedures	191

2021 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	185
Female	142

**Ethnicity**
Non-Hispanic White	313
Black	0
Hispanic	0
Asian	0
Other	0
Native American	0

**Age**
From 65 to 74	139
From 75 to 84	104
85 and over	29
Less than 65	55

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2021

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	75
Stroke	16
Ischemic Heart Disease	75
Depression	31
Chronic Kidney Disease	59
Asthma	8
Osteoperosis	12
Atrial Fibrilation	20
Heart Failure	52
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	54
Diabetes	49
Dementia	21
Cancer	20

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

2022 Medicare Procedure Volume

The top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL during 2022 were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), hospital care and inpatient care.

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

anastomosis	13
bronchoscopy	11
bypass surgery	20
cardiac procedures	40
dialysis access procedures	13
doctor visit	144
hospital care	68
inpatient care	68
open surgery	40
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	40
ultrasound (sonogram)	115
vascular procedures	151

2022 Medicare Patient Data

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	146
Female	113

**Age**
From 65 to 74	114
From 75 to 84	91
85 and over	23
Less than 65	31

Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD in 2022

Hypertension	75
High Cholesterol	75
Stroke	20
Ischemic Heart Disease	66
Depression	32
Chronic Kidney Disease	54
Asthma	11
Osteoperosis	12
Atrial Fibrilation	37
Heart Failure	47
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	51
Diabetes	53
Dementia	14
Cancer	22

Medicare Procedure and Patient Information

Average Medicare Procedure Volume From 2012 - 2022

Volume of procedures performed by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD for Medicare patients.

The highest averages for the top procedures that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated as a cardiac surgeon in Gainesville, FL were vascular procedures, ultrasound (sonogram), inpatient care and hospital care.

anastomosis	22
angioplasty	21
bronchoscopy	18
bypass surgery	19
cardiac procedures	39
catheterization	45
device removal	26
dialysis access procedures	39
dissection	16
doctor visit	225
endarterectomy	18
excision	18
hospital care	77
implant surgery	24
inpatient care	77
lymph node procedures	16
minimally invasive procedures	25
neck surgery	18
open surgery	44
thoracic (chest) surgery procedures	45
thrombectomy (blood clot removal)	23
ultrasound (sonogram)	255
vascular procedures	306
X-rays	17

Average Medicare Patient Data From 2012 - 2022

Information about Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD.

**Gender**
Male	235
Female	227

**Ethnicity**
Black / African American	5
Asian / Pacific Islander	0
Non-Hispanic White	418
Native American / Alaskan Native	0
Hispanic	0
Other	0

**Age**
75 to 84	137
85 and over	54
Less than 65	89
65 to 74	182

Average of Total of Conditions of Medicare patients treated by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD From 2012 - 2022

The highest averages of the most common conditions of Medicare patients that Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD treated were hypertension, ischemic heart disease, high cholesterol and chronic kidney disease.

Hypertension	68
High Cholesterol	63
Stroke	13
Ischemic Heart Disease	66
Depression	31
Chronic Kidney Disease	51
Asthma	15
Osteoporosis	9
Heart Failure	45
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	47
Diabetes	48
Atrial Fibrillation	19
Dementia	17
Cancer	15

Education & Training

He completed residency at Temple University Affiliated Hospitals. He has a state license in Indiana.

Residency: Temple University Affiliated Hospitals

Licensed In: Indiana

Affiliations & Hospitals

Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD is associated with these hospitals and organizations:

HCA Florida Healthcare

HCA Florida North Florida Hospital

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General Payments

These charts describe general payments received by Dr. Eduardo Esper, MD. Doctors may receive payments for a number of reasons, including meal compensation, travel compensation, and consulting.

**Payments by Company**
Medtronic, Inc.	$1,242 Micra $1,180	V-Loc 180 $44	ENDURANT IIS $17
AtriCure, Inc.	$1,213 SYNERGY ABLATION SYSTEM $922	AtriCure cryoICE cryoSPHERE Cryoablation System $291
Medtronic Vascular, Inc.	$1,188 Aortic Stent Graft $891	Aortic Stent Grafts $272	IN.PACT Admiral $13	Octopus $12
Silk Road Medical, Inc.	$913 ENROUTE Transcarotid Stent $686	ENROUTE .014 Guidewire $159	ENHANCE Transcarotid Peripheral Access Kit $38	ENROUTE Transcarotid Neuroprotection System $30
Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.	$352 SternaLock Blu $188	SternaLock 360 $100	AdvantageRib $33	Rib Fix Blu $31
Other	$2,392 Situate $208	RELAY $176	Relay Grafts $125	LifeVest $115	Aorfix Flexible Stent Graft System $100	Other $1,668

**Types of Payments**
Food and Beverage	$3,699
Travel and Lodging	$3,491
Education	$111

Biography

Dr. Eduardo Esper is a physician who specializes in cardiac surgery, vascular surgery, and thoracic surgery. In addition to English, he speaks Spanish. Areas of expertise for Dr. Esper include surgical repair, mediastinoscopy, and heart bypass surgery (CABG). Dr. Esper is affiliated with HCA Florida Healthcare. His training includes residency programs at Conemaugh Health System, a hospital affiliated with the University of Minnesota, and a hospital affiliated with Temple University.