Celina A. Egemasi, PMHNP, DNP

Children may be diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome by a pediatric neurologist, child psychologist, or pediatric neuropsychologist. Once a child is diagnosed with Asperger's, he or she may receive therapy or other treatments. While there are no drugs specifically intended for Asperger's, some doctors may prescribe antidepressant SSRIs (selective serotonin inhibitors) or stimulant medication to improve the mental health of some Asperger's patients.

Therapy can also help people with Asperger's, notably by improving their communication and guiding them to overcome personal issues and social difficulties. In particular, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) can help patients identify patterns of repetitive behaviors and narrow interests that may hinder them. Conversely, therapists may also teach people how to take advantage of certain Asperger's symptoms, such as an intense focus on a single interest, and use it to positively affect themselves and others. Social skills training (SST) is another behavioral therapy that helps people with Asperger's. SST encourages people with Asperger's to refine their social and conversational skills in a safe environment. By learning social cues and practicing behaviors in real time, people can better adapt to social situations. For example, someone who struggles in workplace environments may memorize a number of talking points for use during normal conversation. Other treatments may include psychoactive prescription medications for stress and anxiety associated with Asperger's, as well as physical and occupational therapy for those struggling with coordination.

Although no cure for Asperger's syndrome currently exists, therapy can significantly enhance the quality of life for many "Aspies," or people with Asperger's syndrome. With ongoing therapy and support, people with Asperger's can learn to lessen their symptoms and while also strengthening their own interests and skills.

Borderline personality disorder is diagnosed by a psychologist, psychiatrist, clinical social worker, or other mental health professional. The disorder is a type of "Cluster B" personality disorder, which are chronic conditions characterized by unstable and dysfunctional behaviors that affect one's relationships with others. People with BPD often have co-existing mental conditions, such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, or substance abuse.

Borderline personality disorder is known to develop and become present during adolescence, however, mental health providers rarely diagnose anyone under the age of 18 with BPD. Mental health providers analyze behaviors, family history, and discuss symptoms with their patients, which may lead to a diagnosis using the DSM-5 criteria for BPD.

Borderline personality disorder is treated with psychotherapy and oral medications. Forms of therapy like dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help people with BPD identify self-destructive attitudes and harmful behaviors, which they may then be able to manage or change. Group therapy is another treatment option which may improve people with BPD's ability to share their emotions and to promote positivity. Psychiatrists may prescribe patients antidepressants and/or anxiety medications such as Prozac (fluoxetine), Wellbutrin (bupropion), and Zoloft (sertraline). Some patients may receive antipsychotic drugs which can help stabilize mood and reduce impulsivity.

With consistent treatment, people with BPD are able to recognize and prevent destructive behaviors and mood swings, typically by changing their patterns of thought. Many people with borderline personality disorder are able to live successful and healthy lives.

Family therapists may work in group practices, private practices, schools, or hospitals. They work with families of all different kinds to help them live together as a stronger unit.