Dr. Christopher J. Gapen, MD

An individual with anemia will have the following symptoms: shortness of breath, weakness, dizziness, cold hands or feet, paleness, and irritability. Anemia is diagnosed when blood tests show low counts for hemoglobin, which is the protein responsible for carrying oxygen to different tissues throughout the body.

Treatments for anemia are dependent on the kind of anemia an individual has. For example, iron supplementation may correct iron deficiency anemia. For anemia caused by chronic kidney failure, chemotherapy treatments, and HIV/AIDS, a group of medications called erythropoiesis-stimulating agents may be prescribed.

Treatment can include stimulant medications and behavioral therapy to teach patients ways to navigate their world and control symptoms better. In addition to treatment, accommodations at school or work can greatly help people with ADHD improve their productivity and confidence. A structured environment (with lots of organization and well-defined rules) seems to help most children with ADHD function at their best.

ADHD is mainly thought of as a disorder that affects children, but symptoms can last into adulthood for many. In adults, ADHD has similar symptoms as when it is seen in children: impulsive behavior and difficulty maintaining focus. These symptoms can cause problems in both careers and relationships. Additionally, adults with ADHD are at increased risk for substance abuse. Medications can be an important part of treatment for adults, as well as learning stress reduction techniques and organization skills. Specialized ADHD coaches can help adults with ADHD manage their symptoms and thrive in life.