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Bowen Hamel Mary Spottswood, LMSW is a social worker in New York, NY specializing in social work. Bowen Hamel Mary Spottswood, LMSW is affiliated with NewYork-Presbyterian and ColumbiaDoctors.
200 W 57th Street Suite 1008
New York, NY 10019
5 Columbus Circle
New York, NY 10019
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Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a disorder that causes emotional instability. Once triggered, people with BPD experience more intense feelings that influence how they treat others and themselves. Essentially, people with BPD "hear" amplified emotions at a higher volume and for longer periods of time than those without BPD. Some who have BPD describe "being on the border," often feeling insecure and split between both negative and positive feelings. Mood swings, impulsivity, and insecurity are all hallmark symptoms of borderline personality disorder. No single cause of BPD is known, but it may arise from factors such as:
As BPD is rooted in an unstable sense of self and intense personal emotions, symptoms of BPD may vary between patients. Common symptoms of BPD include:
Borderline personality disorder is diagnosed by a psychologist, psychiatrist, clinical social worker, or other mental health professional. The disorder is a type of "Cluster B" personality disorder, which are chronic conditions characterized by unstable and dysfunctional behaviors that affect one's relationships with others. People with BPD often have co-existing mental conditions, such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, or substance abuse.
Borderline personality disorder is known to develop and become present during adolescence, however, mental health providers rarely diagnose anyone under the age of 18 with BPD. Mental health providers analyze behaviors, family history, and discuss symptoms with their patients, which may lead to a diagnosis using the DSM-5 criteria for BPD.
Borderline personality disorder is treated with psychotherapy and oral medications. Forms of therapy like dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help people with BPD identify self-destructive attitudes and harmful behaviors, which they may then be able to manage or change. Group therapy is another treatment option which may improve people with BPD's ability to share their emotions and to promote positivity. Psychiatrists may prescribe patients antidepressants and/or anxiety medications such as Prozac (fluoxetine), Wellbutrin (bupropion), and Zoloft (sertraline). Some patients may receive antipsychotic drugs which can help stabilize mood and reduce impulsivity.
With consistent treatment, people with BPD are able to recognize and prevent destructive behaviors and mood swings, typically by changing their patterns of thought. Many people with borderline personality disorder are able to live successful and healthy lives.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Cognitive-behavioral therapy, or CBT, is a form of psychotherapy or treatment for mental illness. It comes in a variety of methods, but the basic concept behind all CBT is the same -- thoughts cause feelings, which cause actions. If someone wishes to change problematic behaviors or emotions in their lives, they need to start by changing their thoughts. CBT examines ideas and looks for patterns that may be causing harmful actions. The therapist helps patients modify those thought patterns and, in doing so, helps them feel better and cope more effectively.
CBT is one of the most widely studied forms of psychotherapy, and it has been shown to be extremely effective for a variety of mental illnesses. Some of the issues that respond well to CBT include mood disorders, personality disorders, eating disorders, substance abuse, sleep disorders, and psychotic disorders. In some cases, CBT has been shown to be as effective or even more effective than medication. One of the interesting things that the scientific study of CBT has shown is that CBT actually changes the way the brain works, physically improving its function.
CBT differs from traditional psychotherapy in a few key ways. One of the most important distinctions is the emphasis on the power and responsibility of the patient in CBT. The patient will be encouraged to be the one asking the questions in CBT therapy, and most patients are assigned homework to complete outside of therapy sessions. There is a concept in CBT that everyone has power the power to change how they feel, even if they cannot control the situation, and this can be very empowering for patients. Because of this power shift, the therapist-client relationship is not as critical to success in CBT as it is in other modes of therapy. Patients should still get along well with their therapists, but they do not need a deep, dependent emotional connection to them. Finally, because CBT often treats a specific issue or problem, it is usually shorter in duration than traditional therapy. While some therapies may continue for years, CBT lasts on average just 16 sessions.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health disorder that people may develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. PTSD causes recurring nightmares, flashbacks, and disturbing memories about the traumatic event. It is frequently triggered by particularly intense and life-threatening incidents. For example, someone involved in a serious car accident may have severe anxiety about the accident months or even years later. War veterans and people involved in armed conflict are particularly prone to developing PTSD. In decades past, PTSD was called shellshock and was used to describe the negative emotions that soldiers endured from war. Today, medical professionals who treat PTSD recognize that it can occur in all types of people and can result from all types of traumatic incidents. It is not known exactly why some people develop PTSD, although PTSD frequently arises from:
People who have experienced significant and repeated trauma are more likely to develop PTSD. Those who have disorders like depression or a family history of depression may also be more prone to PTSD. PTSD symptoms typically begin one month to one year following the traumatic event. There are four main categories of PTSD symptoms:
The intensity and frequency of these symptoms can vary over time. PTSD symptoms may suddenly return after disappearing for years. Many PTSD patients find treatment helps to gradually reduce their symptoms over time.
The most common treatments for PTSD are psychotherapy and oral medications. Psychotherapy for PTSD can include cognitive therapy (therapy to change thought patterns), exposure therapy (therapy to confront memories of the traumatic incident) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy (EMDR). EMDR integrates exposure therapy with guided eye movements to help patients confront and process their trauma. Certain oral medications may help with PTSD, such as antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications. Self-care, support groups, and relaxation may also benefit those with PTSD.
The path to overcoming PTSD can be long and challenging and people with PTSD can benefit greatly by seeking professional treatment from a mental health care provider. Treatment can reduce PTSD symptoms, provide essential coping strategies, and improve one's quality of life.
She has a state license in New York.
Licensed In: New York
Bowen Hamel Mary Spottswood, LMSW is associated with these hospitals and organizations:
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Ms. Bowen Spottswood is a specialist in social work. Ms. Spottswood is professionally affiliated with ColumbiaDoctors.